Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English - caliph
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1.
also calif (caliphs) A Caliph was a Muslim ruler. ...the caliph of Baghdad. N-COUNT; N-TITLE ...Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner's English Dictionary
2.
also calif noun Etymology: Middle English ~e, from Middle French calife, from Arabic khalifa successor Date: 14th century a successor of Muhammad as temporal and spiritual head of Islam — used as a title • ~al adjective ...Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary
3.
n. esp. hist. the chief Muslim civil and religious ruler, regarded as the successor of Muhammad. Derivatives caliphate n. Etymology: ME f. OF caliphe f. Arab. Kalifa successor ...Толковый словарь английского языка Oxford English Reference
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6.
- 14c., from Ar. khalifa "successor," originally Abu-Bakr, who succeeded Muhammad in the role of leader of the faithful after the prophet's death. ...Английский Этимологический словарь
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